Provider: NIHR Journals Library
Content:text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
TY  - GEN
LB  - 1.
AU  - National Audit Office
TI  - Reducing brain damage: faster access to better stroke care
CY  - London
PB  - National Audit Office
PY  - 2005
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 2.
AU  - Heller, A
AU  - Wade, DT
AU  - Wood, VA
AU  - Sunderland, A
AU  - Hewer, RL
AU  - Ward, E
TI  - Arm function after stroke: measurement and recovery over the first three months
J2  - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
PY  - 1987
VL  - 50
SP  - 714
EP  - 719
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 3.
AU  - Skilbeck, CE
AU  - Wade, DT
AU  - Hewer, RL
AU  - Wood, VA
TI  - Recovery after stroke
J2  - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
PY  - 1983
VL  - 46
SP  - 5
EP  - 8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 4.
AU  - Broeks, JG
AU  - Lankhorst, GJ
AU  - Rumping, K
AU  - Prevo, AJ
TI  - The long-term outcome of arm function after stroke: results of a follow-up study
J2  - Disab Rehab
PY  - 1999
VL  - 21
SP  - 357
EP  - 364
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 5.
AU  - Wade, D
TI  - Editorial
J2  - Clin Rehab
PY  - 1997
VL  - 11
SP  - 91
EP  - 92
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 6.
AU  - Friedman, P
TI  - Gait recovery after hemiplegic stroke
J2  - Int Disab Stud
PY  - 1990
VL  - 12
SP  - 119
EP  - 122
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
LB  - 7.
AU  - Lance, JW
TI  - Symposium Synopsis
A2  - Feldman, RG
A2  - Young, RR
A2  - Koella, WP
T2  - Spasticity: Disordered Motor Control.
CY  - Chicago, IL
PB  - Symposium Specialists Inc.
PY  - 1980
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 8.
AU  - Pandyan, AD
AU  - Gregoric, M
AU  - Barnes, MP
AU  - Wood, D
AU  - Van Wijck, F
AU  - Burridge, J
TI  - Spasticity: clinical perceptions, neurological realities and meaningful measurement
J2  - Disab Rehab
PY  - 2005
VL  - 27
SP  - 2
EP  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
LB  - 9.
AU  - Barnes, MP
AU  - Bhakta, BB
AU  - Moore, P
AU  - Richardson, D
AU  - Salisbury, C
AU  - Thornton, H
TI  - The management of adults with spasticity using botulinum toxin: a guide to clinical practice
CY  - London
PB  - Radius Healthcare
PY  - 2001
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 10.
AU  - Mayer, NH
AU  - Esquenazi, A
AU  - Childers, MK
TI  - Common patterns of clinical motor dysfunction
J2  - Muscle Nerve
PY  - 1997
VL  - 20
IS  - Suppl. 6
SP  - s21
EP  - s35
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 11.
AU  - Sheean, GL
TI  - Botulinum treatment of spasticity: why is it so difficult to show a functional benefit?
J2  - Curr Opin Neurol
PY  - 2001
VL  - 14
SP  - 771
EP  - 776
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 12.
AU  - Ada, L
AU  - O’Dwyer, N
AU  - O’Neill, E
TI  - Relation between spasticity, weakness and contracture of the elbow flexors and upper limb activity after stroke: an observational study
J2  - Disab Rehab
PY  - 2006
VL  - 28
SP  - 891
EP  - 897
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 13.
AU  - Leonard, CT
AU  - Gardipee, KA
AU  - Koontz, JR
AU  - Anderson, J-H
AU  - Wilkins, SA
TI  - Correlation between impairment and motor performance during reaching tasks in subjects with spastic hemiparesis
J2  - J Rehab Med
PY  - 2006
VL  - 38
SP  - 243
EP  - 249
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
LB  - 14.
AU  - Brashear, A
AU  - Mayer, NH
TI  - Spasticity and other forms of muscle overactivity in the upper motor neuron syndrome
CY  - New York, NY
PB  - We Move
PY  - 2009
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 15.
AU  - Watkins, CL
AU  - Leathley, MJ
AU  - Gregson, JM
AU  - Moore, AP
AU  - Smith, TL
AU  - Sharma, AK
TI  - Prevalence of spasticity post stroke
J2  - Clin Rehab
PY  - 2002
VL  - 16
SP  - 515
EP  - 522
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 16.
AU  - Sommerfeld, DK
AU  - Eek, EUB
AU  - Svensson, A-K
AU  - Holmqvist, LW
AU  - von Arbin, MH
TI  - Spasticity after stroke: its occurrence and association with motor impairments and activity limitations
J2  - Stroke
PY  - 2004
VL  - 35
SP  - 134
EP  - 139
ER  - 

LB  - 17.
AU  - Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party
TI  - National clinical guideline for stroke
ET  - 3rd
CY  - London
PB  - Royal College of Physicians
PY  - 2008
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 18.
AU  - Burridge, JH
AU  - Wood, DE
AU  - Hermens, HJ
AU  - Voerman, GE
AU  - Johnson, GR
AU  - van Wijck, F
TI  - Theoretical and methodological considerations in the measurement of spasticity
J2  - Disab Rehab
PY  - 2005
VL  - 27
SP  - 69
EP  - 80
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 19.
AU  - Bohannon, RW
AU  - Smith, MB
TI  - Interrater reliability of a modified Ashworth scale of muscle spasticity
J2  - Physical Ther
PY  - 1987
VL  - 67
SP  - 206
EP  - 207
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
LB  - 20.
AU  - Johnson, GR
TI  - Measurement of spasticity
A2  - Barnes, MP
A2  - Johnson, GR
T2  - Upper motor neurone syndrome and spasticity
ET  - 1st
CY  - Cambridge
PB  - Cambridge University Press
PY  - 2001
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 21.
AU  - Wood, DE
AU  - Burridge, JH
AU  - van Wijck, FM
AU  - McFadden, C
AU  - Hitchcock, RA
AU  - Pandyan, AD
TI  - Biomechanical approaches applied to the lower and upper limb for the measurement of spasticity: a systematic review of the literature
J2  - Disab Rehab
PY  - 2005
VL  - 27
SP  - 19
EP  - 32
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 22.
AU  - Voerman, GE
AU  - Gregoric, M
AU  - Hermens, HJ
TI  - Neurophysiological methods for the assessment of spasticity: the Hoffmann reflex, the tendon reflex, and the stretch reflex
J2  - Disab Rehab
PY  - 2005
VL  - 27
SP  - 33
EP  - 68
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 23.
AU  - Collins, MD
AU  - East, AK
TI  - Phylogeny and taxonomy of the food-borne pathogen Clostridium botulinum and its neurotoxins
J2  - J Appl Microbiol
PY  - 1998
VL  - 84
SP  - 5
EP  - 17
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 24.
AU  - Goonetilleke, A
AU  - Harris, JB
TI  - Clostridial neurotoxins
J2  - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
PY  - 2004
VL  - 75
IS  - Suppl. 3
SP  - 35
EP  - 39
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 25.
AU  - Sobel, J
TI  - Botulism
J2  - Clin Infect Dis
PY  - 2005
VL  - 41
SP  - 1167
EP  - 1173
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 26.
AU  - Erbguth, FJ
TI  - From poison to remedy: the chequered history of botulinum toxin
J2  - J Neural Transm
PY  - 2008
VL  - 115
SP  - 559
EP  - 565
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 27.
AU  - Dolly, JO
AU  - Aoki, KR
TI  - The structure and mode of action of different botulinum toxins
J2  - Eur J Neurol
PY  - 2006
VL  - 13
IS  - Suppl. 4
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 28.
AU  - Aoki, KR
TI  - Review of a proposed mechanism for the antinociceptive action of botulinum toxin type A
J2  - Neurotoxicology
PY  - 2005
VL  - 26
SP  - 785
EP  - 793
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 29.
AU  - Mense, S
TI  - Neurobiological basis for the use of botulinum toxin in pain therapy
J2  - J Neurol
PY  - 2004
VL  - 251
IS  - Suppl. 1
SP  - I1
EP  - I7
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
LB  - 30.
AU  - Rossetto, O
AU  - Montecucco, C
TI  - How botulinum toxins work
A2  - Moore, P
A2  - Naumann, M
T2  - Handbook of botulinum toxin treatment
ET  - 2nd
CY  - Oxford
PB  - Blackwell Science Ltd
PY  - 2003
SP  - 9
EP  - 27
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
LB  - 31.
AU  - Naumann, M
AU  - Toyka, KV
AU  - Moore, P
TI  - History and current applications of botulinum toxin – from poison to remedy
A2  - Moore, P
A2  - Naumann, M
T2  - Handbook of botulinum toxin treatment
ET  - 2nd
CY  - Oxford
PB  - Blackwell Science Ltd
PY  - 2003
SP  - 3
EP  - 8
ER  - 
TY  - ELEC
LB  - 32.
TI  - Electronic medicines compendium
UR  - www.emc.medicines.org.uk
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 33.
AU  - Dressler, D
AU  - Benecke, R
TI  - Pharmacology of therapeutic botulinum toxin preparations
J2  - Disab Rehab
PY  - 2007
VL  - 29
SP  - 1761
EP  - 1768
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 34.
AU  - Naumann, M
AU  - Albanese, A
AU  - Heinen, F
AU  - Molenaers, G
AU  - Relja, M
TI  - Safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A following long-term use
J2  - Eur J Neurol
PY  - 2006
VL  - 13
IS  - Suppl. 4
SP  - 35
EP  - 40
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 35.
AU  - Brin, MF
TI  - Botulinum toxin: chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and immunology
J2  - Muscle Nerve Suppl
PY  - 1997
VL  - 6
SP  - S146
EP  - S168
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 36.
AU  - Simpson, DM
AU  - Alexander, DN
AU  - O’Brien, CF
AU  - Tagliati, M
AU  - Aswad, AS
AU  - Leon, JM
TI  - Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of upper extremity spasticity: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
J2  - Neurology
PY  - 1996
VL  - 46
SP  - 1306
EP  - 1310
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 37.
AU  - Hesse, S
AU  - Reiter, F
AU  - Konrad, M
AU  - Jahnke, MT
TI  - Botulinum toxin type A and short-term electrical stimulation in the treatment of upper limb flexor spasticity after stroke: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
J2  - Clin Rehab
PY  - 1998
VL  - 12
SP  - 381
EP  - 388
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 38.
AU  - Smith, SJ
AU  - Ellis, E
AU  - White, S
AU  - Moore, AP
TI  - A double-blind placebo-controlled study of botulinum toxin in upper limb spasticity after stroke or head injury
J2  - Clin Rehab
PY  - 2000
VL  - 14
SP  - 5
EP  - 13
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 39.
AU  - Bakheit, AM
AU  - Thilmann, AF
AU  - Ward, AB
AU  - Poewe, W
AU  - Wissel, J
AU  - Muller, J
TI  - A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study to compare the efficacy and safety of three doses of botulinum toxin type A (Dysport) with placebo in upper limb spasticity after stroke
J2  - Stroke
PY  - 2000
VL  - 31
SP  - 2402
EP  - 2406
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 40.
AU  - Bhakta, BB
AU  - Cozens, JA
AU  - Chamberlain, MA
AU  - Bamford, JM
TI  - Impact of botulinum toxin type A on disability and carer burden due to arm spasticity after stroke: a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial
J2  - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
PY  - 2000
VL  - 69
SP  - 217
EP  - 221
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 41.
AU  - Bakheit, AM
AU  - Pittock, S
AU  - Moore, AP
AU  - Wurker, M
AU  - Otto, S
AU  - Erbguth, F
TI  - A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A in upper limb spasticity in patients with stroke
J2  - Eur J Neurol
PY  - 2001
VL  - 8
SP  - 559
EP  - 565
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 42.
AU  - Brashear, A
AU  - Gordon, MF
AU  - Elovic, E
AU  - Kassicieh, VD
AU  - Marciniak, C
AU  - Do, M
TI  - Intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin for the treatment of wrist and finger spasticity after a stroke
J2  - N Engl J Med
PY  - 2002
VL  - 347
SP  - 395
EP  - 400
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 43.
AU  - Brashear, A
AU  - McAfee, AL
AU  - Kuhn, ER
AU  - Fyffe, J
TI  - Botulinum toxin type B in upper-limb poststroke spasticity: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
J2  - Arch Physical Med Rehab
PY  - 2004
VL  - 85
SP  - 705
EP  - 709
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 44.
AU  - Childers, MK
AU  - Brashear, A
AU  - Jozefczyk, P
AU  - Reding, M
AU  - Alexander, D
AU  - Good, D
TI  - Dose-dependent response to intramuscular botulinum toxin type A for upper-limb spasticity in patients after a stroke
J2  - Arch Physical Med Rehab
PY  - 2004
VL  - 85
SP  - 1063
EP  - 1069
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 45.
AU  - Suputtitada, A
AU  - Suwanwela, NC
TI  - The lowest effective dose of botulinum A toxin in adult patients with upper limb spasticity
J2  - Disab Rehab
PY  - 2005
VL  - 27
SP  - 176
EP  - 184
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 46.
AU  - Yelnik, AP
AU  - Colle, FM
AU  - Bonan, IV
AU  - Vicaut, E
TI  - Treatment of shoulder pain in spastic hemiplegia by reducing spasticity of the subscapular muscle: a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled study of botulinum toxin A
J2  - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
PY  - 2007
VL  - 78
SP  - 845
EP  - 848
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 47.
AU  - Marco, E
AU  - Duarte, E
AU  - Vila, J
AU  - Tejero, M
AU  - Guillen, A
AU  - Boza, R
TI  - Is botulinum toxin type A effective in the treatment of spastic shoulder pain in patients after stroke? A double-blind randomized clinical trial
J2  - J Rehab Med
PY  - 2007
VL  - 39
SP  - 440
EP  - 447
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 48.
AU  - Kong, K-H
AU  - Neo, J-J
AU  - Chua, KS
TI  - A randomized controlled study of botulinum toxin A in the treatment of hemiplegic shoulder pain associated with spasticity
J2  - Clin Rehab
PY  - 2007
VL  - 21
SP  - 28
EP  - 35
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 49.
AU  - Jahangir, AW
AU  - Tan, HJ
AU  - Norlinah, MI
AU  - Nafisah, WY
AU  - Ramesh, S
AU  - Hamidon, BB
TI  - Intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin for the treatment of wrist and finger spasticity after stroke
J2  - Med J Malaysia
PY  - 2007
VL  - 62
SP  - 319
EP  - 322
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 50.
AU  - de Boer, KS
AU  - Arwert, HJ
AU  - de Groot, JH
AU  - Meskers, CGM
AU  - Mishre, ADR
AU  - Arendzen, JH
TI  - Shoulder pain and external rotation in spastic hemiplegia do not improve by injection of botulinum toxin A into the subscapular muscle
J2  - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
PY  - 2008
VL  - 79
SP  - 581
EP  - 583
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 51.
AU  - McCrory, P
AU  - Turner-Stokes, L
AU  - Baguley, IJ
AU  - De Graaff, S
AU  - Katrak, P
AU  - Sandanam, J
TI  - Botulinum toxin A for treatment of upper limb spasticity following stroke: a multi-centre randomized placebo-controlled study of the effects on quality of life and other person-centred outcomes
J2  - J Rehab Med
PY  - 2009
VL  - 41
SP  - 536
EP  - 544
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 52.
AU  - van Kuijk, AA
AU  - Geurts, ACH
AU  - Bevaart, BJW
AU  - van Limbeek, J
TI  - Treatment of upper extremity spasticity in stroke patients by focal neuronal or neuromuscular blockade: a systematic review of the literature
J2  - J Rehab Med
PY  - 2002
VL  - 34
SP  - 51
EP  - 61
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 53.
AU  - Cardoso, E
AU  - Rodrigues, B
AU  - Lucena, R
AU  - Oliveira, IR
AU  - Pedreira, G
AU  - Melo, A
TI  - Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of the upper limb spasticity after stroke: a meta-analysis
J2  - Arquiv Neuro-Psiquiatria
PY  - 2005
VL  - 63
SP  - 30
EP  - 33
ER  - 
TY  - RPRT
LB  - 54.
AU  - Garces, K
AU  - McCormick, A
AU  - McGahan, L
AU  - Skidmore, B
TI  - Botulinum toxin A for upper and lower limb spasticity: a systematic review
CY  - Ottawa
PB  - Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment
PY  - 2005
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 55.
AU  - Rosales, RL
AU  - Chua-Yap, AS
TI  - Evidence-based systematic review on the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin-A therapy in post-stroke spasticity
J2  - J Neural Transm
PY  - 2008
VL  - 115
SP  - 617
EP  - 623
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 56.
AU  - Elia, A
AU  - Filippini, G
AU  - Calandrella, D
AU  - Albanese, A
TI  - Botulinum neurotoxins for post stroke spasticity in adults: a systematic review
J2  - Movement Disord
PY  - 2009
VL  - 24
SP  - 801
EP  - 812
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 57.
AU  - Rodriquez, AA
AU  - McGinn, M
AU  - Chappell, R
TI  - Botulinum toxin injection of spastic finger flexors in hemiplegic patients
J2  - Am J Physical Med Rehab
PY  - 2000
VL  - 79
SP  - 44
EP  - 47
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 58.
AU  - Lagalla, G
AU  - Danni, M
AU  - Reiter, F
AU  - Ceravolo, MG
AU  - Provinciali, L
TI  - Post-stroke spasticity management with repeated botulinum toxin injections in the upper limb
J2  - Am J Physical Med Rehab
PY  - 2000
VL  - 79
IS  - 4
SP  - 377
EP  - 384
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 59.
AU  - Gordon, MF
AU  - Brashear, A
AU  - Elovic, E
AU  - Kassicieh, D
AU  - Marciniak, C
AU  - Liu, J
TI  - Repeated dosing of botulinum toxin type A for upper limb spasticity following stroke
J2  - Neurology
PY  - 2004
VL  - 63
SP  - 1971
EP  - 1973
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 60.
AU  - Bakheit, AMO
AU  - Fedorova, NV
AU  - Skoromets, AA
AU  - Timerbaeva, SL
AU  - Bhakta, BB
AU  - Coxon, L
TI  - The beneficial antispasticity effect of botulinum toxin type A is maintained after repeated treatment cycles
J2  - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
PY  - 2004
VL  - 75
SP  - 1558
EP  - 1561
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 61.
AU  - Cardoso, E
AU  - Pedreira, G
AU  - Prazeres, A
AU  - Ribeiro, N
AU  - Melo, A
TI  - Does botulinum toxin improve the function of the patient with spasticity after stroke?
J2  - Arquiv Neuro-Psiquiatria
PY  - 2007
VL  - 65
SP  - 592
EP  - 595
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 62.
AU  - Elovic, EP
AU  - Brashear, A
AU  - Kaelin, D
AU  - Liu, J
AU  - Millis, SR
AU  - Barron, R
TI  - Repeated treatments with botulinum toxin type a produce sustained decreases in the limitations associated with focal upper-limb poststroke spasticity for caregivers and patients
J2  - Archiv Physical Med Rehab
PY  - 2008
VL  - 89
SP  - 799
EP  - 806
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
LB  - 63.
AU  - Royal College of Physicians, British Society of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chartered Society of Physiotherapy, Association of Chartered Physiotherapists Interested in Neurology
TI  - Spasticity in adults: management using botulinum toxin. National guidelines.
CY  - London
PB  - Royal College of Physicians
PY  - 2009
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 64.
AU  - Rothwell, PM
AU  - Coull, AJ
AU  - Giles, MF
AU  - Howard, SC
AU  - Silver, LE
AU  - Bull, LM
TI  - Change in stroke incidence, mortality, case-fatality, severity, and risk factors in Oxfordshire, UK from 1981 to 2004 (Oxford Vascular Study)
J2  - Lancet
PY  - 2004
VL  - 363
SP  - 1925
EP  - 1933
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 65.
AU  - Stroke Unit Trialists Collaboration
TI  - Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke
J2  - Cochrane Database Syst Rev
PY  - 2007
IS  - 1
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 66.
AU  - Lyle, RC
TI  - A performance test for assessment of upper limb function in physical rehabilitation treatment and research
J2  - Int J Rehab Res
PY  - 1981
VL  - 4
SP  - 483
EP  - 492
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
LB  - 67.
AU  - Sharpless, JW
TI  - The nine hole peg test of finger hand coordination for the hemiplegic patient
T2  - Mossman’s A problem-orientated approach to stroke rehabilitation
ET  - 2nd
CY  - Illinois
PB  - Charles C Thomas
PY  - 1982
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 68.
AU  - Demeurisse, G
AU  - Demol, O
AU  - Robaye, E
TI  - Motor evaluation in vascular hemiplegia
J2  - Eur Neurol
PY  - 1980
VL  - 19
SP  - 382
EP  - 389
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 69.
AU  - Sunderland, A
AU  - Tinson, D
AU  - Bradley, L
AU  - Hewer, RL
TI  - Arm function after stroke. An evaluation of grip strength as a measure of recovery and a prognostic indicator
J2  - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
PY  - 1989
VL  - 52
SP  - 1267
EP  - 1272
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 70.
AU  - Mahoney, FI
AU  - Barthel, DW
TI  - Functional evaluation: the Barthel Index
J2  - Maryland State Med J
PY  - 1965
VL  - 14
SP  - 61
EP  - 65
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 71.
AU  - Law, M
AU  - Baptiste, S
AU  - McColl, M
AU  - Opzoomer, A
AU  - Polatajko, H
AU  - Pollock, N
TI  - The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure: an outcome measure for occupational therapy
J2  - Can J Occup Ther – Rev Can Ergother
PY  - 1990
VL  - 57
SP  - 82
EP  - 87
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 72.
AU  - Price, DD
AU  - Bush, FM
AU  - Long, S
AU  - Harkins, SW
TI  - A comparison of pain measurement characteristics of mechanical visual analogue and simple numerical rating scales
J2  - Pain
PY  - 1994
VL  - 56
SP  - 217
EP  - 226
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 73.
AU  - Duncan, PW
AU  - Bode, RK
AU  - Min Lai, S
AU  - Perera, S
TI  - Rasch analysis of a new stroke-specific outcome scale: the Stroke Impact Scale
J2  - Arch Physical Med Rehab
PY  - 2003
VL  - 84
SP  - 950
EP  - 963
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 74.
AU  - Euroquol Group
TI  - Euroquol – a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life
J2  - Health Policy
PY  - 1990
VL  - 16
SP  - 199
EP  - 290
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 75.
AU  - Bamford, JM
AU  - Sandercock, PA
AU  - Warlow, CP
AU  - Slattery, J
TI  - Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients
J2  - Stroke
PY  - 1989
VL  - 20
SP  - 828
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 76.
AU  - Hodkinson, HM
TI  - Evaluation of a mental test score for assessment of mental impairment in the elderly
J2  - Age and Ageing
PY  - 1972
VL  - 1
SP  - 233
EP  - 239
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 77.
AU  - Al-Khawaja, I
AU  - Wade, DT
AU  - Collin, CF
TI  - Bedside screening for aphasia: a comparison of two methods
J2  - J Neurol
PY  - 1996
VL  - 243
SP  - 201
EP  - 204
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 78.
AU  - Bamford, J
AU  - Sandercock, P
AU  - Dennis, M
AU  - Burn, J
AU  - Warlow, C
TI  - Classification and natural history of clinically identifiable subtypes of cerebral infarction
J2  - Lancet
PY  - 1991
VL  - 337
SP  - 1521
EP  - 1526
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
LB  - 79.
AU  - Royal College of Physicians
TI  - Guidelines for the use of botulinum toxin (BTX) in the management of spasticity in adults
CY  - London
PB  - Royal College of Physicians
PY  - 2002
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
LB  - 80.
AU  - Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party
TI  - National clinical guideline for stroke
ET  - 2nd
CY  - London
PB  - Royal College of Physicians
PY  - 2004
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 81.
AU  - Wade, D
TI  - Goal planning in stroke rehabilitation: evidence
J2  - Topics Stroke Rehab
PY  - 1999
VL  - 6
SP  - 37
EP  - 42
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 82.
AU  - Pomeroy, V
AU  - Tallis, R
TI  - Restoring movement and functional ability after stroke: now and the future
J2  - Physiotherapy
PY  - 2002
VL  - 88
SP  - 3
EP  - 17
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 83.
AU  - van der Lee, JH
AU  - Snels, IA
AU  - Beckerman, H
AU  - Lankhorst, GJ
AU  - Wagenaar, RC
AU  - Bouter, LM
TI  - Exercise therapy for arm function in stroke patients: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
J2  - Clin Rehab
PY  - 2001
VL  - 15
SP  - 20
EP  - 31
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 84.
AU  - Kwakkel, G
AU  - Wagenaar, R
AU  - Twisk, J
AU  - Lankhorst, G
AU  - Koetsier, J
TI  - Intensity of leg and arm training after primary middle-cerebral-artery stroke: a randomised trial
J2  - Lancet
PY  - 1999
VL  - 354
SP  - 191
EP  - 196
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 85.
AU  - Dean, CM
AU  - Richards, CL
AU  - Malouin, F
TI  - Task-related circuit training improves performance of locomotor tasks in chronic stroke: a randomized, controlled pilot trial
J2  - Arch Physical Med Rehab
PY  - 2000
VL  - 81
SP  - 409
EP  - 417
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 86.
AU  - Dean, CM
AU  - Shepherd, RB
TI  - Task-related training improves performance of seated reaching tasks after stroke. A randomized controlled trial
J2  - Stroke
PY  - 1997
VL  - 28
SP  - 722
EP  - 728
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
LB  - 87.
AU  - Carr, J
AU  - Shepherd, RB
TI  - Stroke Rehabilitation. Guidelines for exercise training to optimise motor skill
CY  - London
PB  - Butterworth Heinemann
PY  - 2003
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
LB  - 88.
AU  - Barnes, MP
AU  - Johnson, GR
TI  - Upper motor neurone syndrome and spasticity
ET  - 1st
CY  - Cambridge
PB  - Cambridge University Press
PY  - 2001
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
LB  - 89.
AU  - Barnes, M
AU  - Dobkin, B
AU  - Bogousslavsky, J
TI  - Recovery after stroke
CY  - Cambridge
PB  - Cambridge University Press
PY  - 2005
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
LB  - 90.
AU  - Edwards, S
TI  - Neurological physiotherapy
ET  - 2nd
CY  - Edinburgh
PB  - Churchill Livingstone
PY  - 2002
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 91.
AU  - Lannin, NA
AU  - Herbert, RD
TI  - Is hand splinting effective for adults following stroke? A systematic review and methodologic critique of published research
J2  - Clin Rehab
PY  - 2003
VL  - 17
SP  - 807
EP  - 816
ER  - 
TY  - ELEC
LB  - 92.
AU  - Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN)
TI  - Guidelines on stroke
UR  - www.sign.ac.uk
M1  - 9 November 2005
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
LB  - 93.
AU  - Stokes, M
TI  - Physical management in neurological rehabilitation
ET  - 2nd
CY  - Edinburgh
PB  - Elsevier Mosby
PY  - 2005
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 94.
AU  - Van Peppen, RPS
AU  - Kwakkel, G
AU  - Wood-Dauphinee, S
AU  - Hendriks, HJM
AU  - Van der Wees, PJ
AU  - Dekker, J
TI  - The impact of physical therapy on functional outcomes after stroke: what’s the evidence?
J2  - Clin Rehab
PY  - 2004
VL  - 18
SP  - 833
EP  - 862
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 95.
AU  - Hanlon, RE
TI  - Motor learning following unilateral stroke
J2  - Arch Phys Med Rehab
PY  - 1996
VL  - 77
IS  - 8
SP  - 811
EP  - 815
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
LB  - 96.
AU  - Magill, RA
TI  - Motor learning: concepts and applications
CY  - Boston, MA
PB  - McGraw Hill
PY  - 2001
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 97.
AU  - Shea, JB
AU  - Morgan, RL
TI  - Contextual interference effects on the acquisition, retention and transfer of a motor skill
J2  - J Exp Psychol: Learn Mem Cogn
PY  - 1979
VL  - 5
SP  - 179
EP  - 187
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 98.
AU  - Duncan, PW
TI  - Synthesis of intervention trials to improve motor recovery following stroke
J2  - Topics Stroke Rehab
PY  - 1997
VL  - 3
SP  - 1
EP  - 20
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 99.
AU  - van Wijck, F
AU  - Mackenzie, J
AU  - Hooper, J
AU  - Barnes, M
AU  - Johnson, G
TI  - Improving arm function in patients with chronic spasticity: combining botulinum toxin with a task orientated motor learning programme
J2  - Int J Rehab Res
PY  - 2004
VL  - 27
IS  - Suppl. 1
SP  - 109
ER  - 
TY  - ELEC
LB  - 100.
TI  - Medicines for Human Use (Clinical Trials) Regulations
PY  - 2004
UR  - www.uk-legislation.hmso.gov.uk/si/si2004/20041031.htm
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 101.
AU  - van der Lee, JH
AU  - Wagenaar, RC
AU  - Lankhorst, GJ
AU  - Vogelaar, TW
AU  - Deville, WL
AU  - Bouter, LM
TI  - Forced use of the upper extremity in chronic stroke patients: results from a single-blind randomized clinical trial
J2  - Stroke
PY  - 1999
VL  - 30
SP  - 2369
EP  - 2375
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 102.
AU  - Mendelow, AD
AU  - Gregson, BA
AU  - Fernandes, HM
AU  - Murray, GD
AU  - Teasdale, GM
AU  - Hope, DT
TI  - Early surgery versus initial conservative treatment in patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haematomas in the International Surgical Trial in Intracerebral Haemorrhage (STICH): a randomised trial
J2  - Lancet
PY  - 2005
VL  - 365
SP  - 387
EP  - 397
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
LB  - 103.
AU  - Fleiss, JL
TI  - Statistical methods for rates and proportions
CY  - New York, NY
PB  - Wiley
PY  - 1981
ER  - 
TY  - ELEC
LB  - 104.
AU  - International Conference on Harmonisation
TI  - Harmonised Tripartite Guideline for Good Clinical Practice
UR  - www.ich.org
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
LB  - 105.
AU  - Department of Health
TI  - Research Governance Framework for Health and Social Care
ET  - 2nd
CY  - London
PB  - HMSO
PY  - 2005
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
LB  - 106.
AU  - MRC
TI  - Guidelines for good clinical practice in clinical trails
CY  - London
PB  - Medical Research Council
PY  - 1998
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 107.
AU  - Pandyan, AD
AU  - Vuadens, P
AU  - van Wijck, FMJ
AU  - Stark, S
AU  - Johnson, GR
AU  - Barnes, MP
TI  - Are we underestimating the clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin (type A)? Quantifying changes in spasticity, strength and upper limb function after injections of Botox to the elbow flexors in a unilateral stroke population
J2  - Clin Rehab
PY  - 2002
VL  - 16
SP  - 654
EP  - 660
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
LB  - 108.
AU  - National Institute for Clinical Excellence
TI  - Guide to the methods of technology appraisal
CY  - London
PB  - National Institute for Clinical Excellence
PY  - 2004
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
LB  - 109.
AU  - Curtis, L
TI  - Unit costs of health and social care
CY  - Canterbury
PB  - PSSRU, University of Kent
PY  - 2007
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
LB  - 110.
AU  - British Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain
TI  - British National Formulary.
CY  - London
PB  - BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and RPS Publishing
PY  - 2007
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 111.
AU  - Brooks, R
TI  - EuroQol: the current state of play
J2  - Health Policy
PY  - 1996
VL  - 37
SP  - 53
EP  - 72
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 112.
AU  - Dolan, P
TI  - Modeling valuations for EuroQol health states
J2  - Medical Care
PY  - 1997
VL  - 35
SP  - 1095
EP  - 1108
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 113.
AU  - Richardson, G
AU  - Manca, A
TI  - Calculation of quality adjusted life years in the published literature: a review of methodology and transparency
J2  - Health Econ
PY  - 2004
VL  - 13
SP  - 1203
EP  - 1210
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 114.
AU  - O’Brien, B
AU  - Briggs, AH
TI  - Analysis of uncertainty in health care cost-effectiveness studies: an introduction to statistical issues and methods
J2  - Stat Meth Med Res
PY  - 2002
VL  - 11
SP  - 455
EP  - 468
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
LB  - 115.
AU  - Claxton, K
AU  - Fenwick, E
AU  - Sculpher, M
TI  - Decision-making with uncertainty: the value of information
A2  - Jones, A
T2  - The Elgar companion to health economics
CY  - Cheltenham
PB  - Edward Elgar Publishing
PY  - 2006
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
LB  - 116.
AU  - Schafer, JL
TI  - Analysis of incomplete multivariate data.
CY  - London
PB  - Chapman and Hall
PY  - 1997
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 117.
AU  - Price, C
TI  - Treatment of shoulder and upper limb pain after stroke: an obstacle course for evidence based practice
J2  - Rev Clin Gerontol
PY  - 2003
VL  - 13
SP  - 321
EP  - 333
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 118.
AU  - Rawlins, MD
AU  - Culyer, AJ
TI  - National Institute for Clinical Excellence and its value judgments
J2  - BMJ
PY  - 2004
VL  - 329
SP  - 224
EP  - 227
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 119.
AU  - Geddes, JML
AU  - Fear, J
AU  - Tennant, A
AU  - Pickering, A
AU  - Hillman, M
AU  - Chamberlain, MA
TI  - Prevalence of self reported stroke in a population in northern England
J2  - J Epidemiol Commun Health
PY  - 1996
VL  - 50
SP  - 140
EP  - 143
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 120.
AU  - O’Mahony, PG
AU  - Thomson, RG
AU  - Dobson, R
AU  - Rodgers, H
AU  - James, OFW
TI  - The prevalence of stroke and associated disability
J2  - J Publ Health Med
PY  - 1999
VL  - 21
SP  - 166
EP  - 171
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 121.
AU  - Pandyan, AD
AU  - Johnson, GR
AU  - Price, CI
AU  - Curless, RH
AU  - Barnes, MP
AU  - Rodgers, H
TI  - A review of the properties and limitations of the Ashworth and modified Ashworth Scales as measures of spasticity
J2  - Clin Rehab
PY  - 1999
VL  - 13
SP  - 373
EP  - 383
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 122.
AU  - French, B
AU  - Thomas, LH
AU  - Leathley, MJ
AU  - Sutton, CJ
AU  - McAdam, J
AU  - Forster, A
TI  - Repetitive task training for improving functional ability after stroke
J2  - Cochrane Database Syst Rev
PY  - 2007
IS  - 4
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 123.
AU  - Platz, T
AU  - Pinkowski, C
AU  - van Wijck, F
AU  - Kim, I-H
AU  - di Bella, P
AU  - Johnson, G
TI  - Reliability and validity of arm function assessment with standardized guidelines for the Fugl–Meyer Test, Action Research Arm Test and Box and Block Test: a multicentre study
J2  - Clin Rehab
PY  - 2005
VL  - 19
SP  - 404
EP  - 411
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
LB  - 124.
AU  - Lang, CE
AU  - Wagner, JM
AU  - Dromerick, AW
AU  - Edwards, DF
TI  - Measurement of upper extremity function after stroke: properties of the Action Research Arm Test
J2  - Arch Phys Med Rehabil
PY  - 2006
VL  - 87
SP  - 1605
EP  - 1610
ER  - 
TY  - ELEC
LB  - 125.
AU  - SIGN
TI  - Methodology checklist 2: randomised controlled trials
PY  - 2004
UR  - www.sign.ac.uk
ER  -